WHAT ARE THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF A SCTEW AIR COMPRESSOR?

In this article, we will break down the main components of a rotary screw air compressor and understand the function of each component. Each component has a specific function and affects the overall performance and efficiency of the equipment?

The main components of screw air compressors can be divided into five categories: mechanical system, air system, oil system, control system and auxiliary system.

1. Mechanical system (core components)

1. Main unit/head

Yin-yang rotor: It is the core component of the air compressor, consisting of a male rotor and a female rotor. Through mutual meshing and rotation, air is inhaled, compressed and discharged.

Bearing: Supports the high-speed operation of the rotor, ensures its stability and accuracy during high-speed rotation, and bears the radial and axial forces of the rotor. Angular contact ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings are commonly used.

Casing: Contains the screw rotor, bearings and other components, and forms a compression chamber. It needs to be resistant to high temperature and high pressure, and has good sealing and strength.

2. Drive device

Motor: Provides power for the air compressor, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and transmits power to the screw rotor through a coupling or belt.

Coupling: Connects the motor and the screw rotor, transmits torque, and can compensate for the installation error and vibration between the two shafts.

Pulley and belt: Some air compressors use belt drive. The pulley is installed on the shaft of the motor and the screw rotor. The power is transmitted through the belt, which has a certain elasticity and buffering effect.

2. Air circuit system

1. Oil separator: Separate the lubricating oil from the compressed air to reduce the oil content of the discharged air, and recycle the lubricating oil for recycling.

2. Air filter: Filter the air entering the air compressor, remove dust, impurities, etc., protect the internal components of the compressor, and improve the quality of compressed air.

3. Inlet valve: Control the air flow into the compressor main engine. Close when unloading, open when loading, and adjust the load/no-load.

4. Oil separation core: multi-layer fiber filter material, separation efficiency of more than 99.9%.

5. Minimum pressure valve: Maintain the pressure of the oil circuit system to prevent poor lubrication at low pressure.

6. Aftercooler: Reduce the exhaust temperature (water cooling or air cooling) so that the air dew point meets the requirements, which is convenient for subsequent separation and filtration.

7. Discharge valve: Release the compressed air from the air storage tank to the compressed air device.

8. Check valve/one-way valve: This valve ensures that when the compressor is unloaded or stops producing air, it can maintain the pressure in the downstream system.

3. Oil system

1. Oil filter: Filter dirt particles in the compressor oil to protect the bearings and rotors.

2. Lubricating oil: It has the functions of lubrication, sealing, cooling, noise reduction, etc. Ensure that the moving parts are properly lubricated to reduce wear.

3. Temperature control valve: Adjust the oil temperature (bypass the cooler at low temperature and heat up quickly).

2. Oil cooler: Reduce the oil temperature (air-cooled models depend on the ambient temperature, and water-cooled models need to control the water quality).

IV. Control system

1. PLC/controller: fully control and monitor the operation of the air compressor, including start, stop, load, unload and other operations, as well as real-time monitoring of parameters such as pressure, temperature, current, etc., to ensure the safe and stable operation of the air compressor and realize automatic start and stop and protection.

2. Sensors: including pressure sensors, temperature sensors, etc., used to detect various parameters during the operation of the air compressor and transmit signals to the controller for corresponding control and protection.

3. Safety valve: release when overpressure to ensure the safety of the air compressor.

4. Oil cut-off valve: cut off the oil supply when shutting down to prevent backflow.

V. Auxiliary system

1. Air tank/air receiver: Store compressed air and stabilize pressure fluctuations to reduce frequent start and stop of the air compressor.

2. Muffler: Reduce intake noise, usually 20~30dB.

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